AMD 剛發表的 Radeon RX 9000 系列 GPU 採用全新的 RDNA 4 架構，一起來看看新架構的特性吧。
RDNA 4 架構示意
RDNA 4 的運算單元
RDNA 4 GPU 使用 TSMC 台積電 4 nm 製程，Radeon RX 9070 XT 的 NV48 晶片面積 356.5 mm2，內含 539 億個電晶體，搭配 PCIe 5.0 x16 介面與外部溝通。記憶體採 256-bit 介面，維持 20 Gbps 的 GDDR6，總頻寬來到 640 GB/s。
RDNA 4 架構的運算單元（Compute Unit, CU）相較於前代 RDNA 3 架構，增強了 VRAM 管理、把暫存器改成動態分配、同時強化純量單元，並強化整體運算單元的效率與運作時脈，整體遊戲表現較前代 RDNA 3 架構提升 40%。
RDNA 4 的第 3 代光線追蹤加速器
第 3 代光線追蹤加速器架構示意
光線追蹤加速器進化到第 3 代，光線交互引擎提升成 2 倍，同時導入全新的光線變換引擎與 BVH 層級包圍結構，RDNA 4 的光線追蹤性能可達 RDNA 3 的 2 倍。
AI 加速器則是進化至第 2 代，新增支援 FP8 的運算格式，可提供 2 倍的 FP16（半精度浮點數）性能／4 倍的 INT8（8 位整數）性能／4 倍的稀疏半精度浮點數性能／8 倍的稀疏 8 位整數性能。
RDNA 4 的著色器導入動態分配的暫存器機制，讓暫存器能夠被充分運用，減少閒置，進而提高執行效率。
畫質比較
畫質比較
性能比較
最後來看頗受玩家好評的 FidelityFX Super Resolution (FSR) 現在進化至第 4 代（FSR 4），它是基於 RDNA 4 架構開發，從 FSR 3.1 升級而來，並套用 AMD 訓練且最佳化的 FP8 演算法模型。FSR 4 主要運用運算單元內的 AI 加速器來運算超解析度，相較於 FSR 3.1 可提供更優異的畫質。
AMD 表示，RX 9070 系列顯卡上市時，就會有 30 款遊戲支援 FSR 4，而整個 2025 年預計可拓展到 75 款以上。
AMD 還提到，由於第 2 代 AI 加速器帶來的機器學習性能提升，RDNA 4 已可應對微軟接下來將在 DirectX 導入的神經渲染功能，我們就拭目以待吧！
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